Faculty of the School of Nursing

Associate Professor
The Catholic University of America
School of Nursing

Education
PhD, The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 1990
M.S.N., The Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 1979
B.S.N., Salve Regina College, Newport, R.I. 1979
R.N. Diploma, St. Joseph Hospital School of Nursing, Providence, R.I. 1973

Professional Experience

Clinical Experience
Dr. Duffy's clinical experience includes staff nurse and charge nurse positions in adult critical care as well as clinical specialist services. She served as the nurse clinician for the Montgomery County, MD, Emergency Medical Services Department. As a cardiovascular clinical specialist, she developed and implemented patient education programs for patients and families with cardiovascular disease, initiated a collaborative program for the treatment of myocardial infarction patients in the community, implemented Nursing Grand Rounds at several acute care facilities, implemented a critical care nursing internship program, and participated on hospital–based disaster committees, critical care committees, and quality improvement committees. She provides ongoing clinical consultative services for cardiovascular programs in the community.

Administrative Experience
Dr. Duffy has a wide range of administrative experience in acute care service including Director of Critical Care, Medical, Emergency, Rehabilitation, and Psychiatric Nursing Services; Nursing Supervisor; and Administrator of Cardiac and Transplantation Services. She also developed, implemented and directed the Center for Outcomes Analysis at the Virginia Heart Center and directed the Research Institute at Fairfax Hospital, both part of the INOVA Health System in Falls Church, Virginia. Dr. Duffy held positions of leadership on various hospital committees such as Quality Improvement Committees, the Multidisciplinary Cardiovascular Performance Improvement Committee, Internal Review Board, and Nursing Research Committees. In the academic community Dr. Duffy has coordinated two graduate nursing programs, critical care and care management. In addition, she has held the position of Chair, Division of Nursing at Shenandoah University in Winchester, Virginia. She served as chair on graduate curriculum committees, a faculty development committee, and research committees. She currently coordinates the Adult Health-Nurse Manager Program.

Teaching Experience
Dr. Duffy has many years of teaching experience at various levels from instructor to associate professor. She has taught undergraduate medical/surgical clinical courses, advanced practice clinical courses, pathophysiology, trends and issues in nursing, and nursing research. At the graduate level, Dr. Duffy coordinated the critical care clinical specialist program at Georgetown University and taught critical care didactic and clinical courses, nursing research, teaching-learning strategies, and pathophysiology. In her role of coordinator of the care management program, Dr. Duffy taught care management didactic and clinical courses, nursing research, nursing theory, nursing research praxis, and health care trends. She has taught various administration courses such as health care finance, nursing administration, and health care systems. At Catholic University, Dr. Duffy teaches outcomes research and management, quantitative analysis, theory development, and adult health at the master's and doctoral levels. She reads and directs doctoral dissertations and advises students in the capstone research course.

Consultation Experience
In the role of consultant, Dr. Duffy has guided numerous health care organizations in the assessment and improvement of administrative services. She has regularly provided leadership development conferences for nurse managers. She has facilitated the development and implementation of outcomes management programs in several acute care institutions. As a consultant to the American Nurses Association, Dr. Duffy has facilitated the ongoing Patient Safety and Nursing Quality Project through education and research nationwide.

Publications

• Duffy, J. (in press). Factors related to career satisfaction in nursing. Nursing Education Perspectives.
• Duffy, J., Benya, B., and Hoskins, L. (in press). Summative Evaluation of Baccalaureate Students' Nurse Caring Behaviors. Nursing Education Perspectives.
• Duffy, J. and Hoskins. L. (in press) Nonpharmacological evidence based strategies for improving outcomes of community-based heart failure patients: an integrated review.  Journal of Nursing Care Quality. 
• Duffy, J. (2003). Caring relationships and evidence-based practice: Can they co-exist? International Journal for Human Caring, 7(3): Summer.
• Duffy, J. & Hoskins, L. (2003). The Quality-Caring Model: © Blending dual paradigms, Advances in Nursing Science, 26 (1): 79-90.
• Korniewicz, D. and Duffy, J. (2003). Essential concepts for staff nurses: The outcomes imperative: Independent Study Module. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association, www.rnce.org (ref).
• Duffy, J. (2002). Nosocomial infections: Important nursing-sensitive outcomes indicators. AACN Clinical Issues, 13 (3): 358-366.
• Duffy, J. (2002). The clinical leadership role of the CNS in the identification of nursing-sensitive and multidisciplinary quality indicator sets. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 16 (2): 70-76.
• Duffy, J. and Korniewicz, D. (2000). Outcomes measurement using the ANA Safety and Quality Indicators: Independent Study Module. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association, www.rnce.org (ref).
• Duffy, J. and Korniewicz, D. (2000). Independent study module: Outcomes measurement using the ANA safety and quality indictors. Washington, DC: American Nurses Association.
• Duffy, J. (2000). The cardiovascular outcomes initiative: Case studies in performance improvement. Outcomes Management for Nursing Practice, 4(3): 1-6.
• Duffy, J. and Lemieux, K. (1995). Patient-centered care in a cardiac service line. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 20(1): 12-23.
• Henry, L. and Duffy, J. (1995). A cardiovascular intensive nursing care response to managed care: A change in practice. Critical Care Nursing Quarterly, 18(3): 28-35.
• Shortell, S. Zimmerman, J. Rousseau, D., Gillies, R., Wagner, D., Draper, E., Knaus, W., and Duffy, J. ( 1994). The performance of intensive care units: Does good management make a difference? Medical Care, 32(5): 508-525.
• Zimmerman, J., Rousseau, D., Duffy, J. (1994). Intensive care at two teaching hospitals: An organizational case study. American Journal of Critical Care, 3(2): 129-137.
• Zimmerman, J., Shortell, S., Rousseau, D., Duffy, J., Gillies, R., Knaus, W., Devers, K., and Draper, E. (1993). Improving intensive care: Observations based on organizational case studies in nine intensive care units: A prospective, multicenter study. Critical Care Medicine, 21(10): 1443-1451.
• Duffy, J. (1993). Caring behaviors of nurse managers: Relationships to staff nurse satisfaction and retention, in Gaut, D., Caring: A Global Agenda. New York: NLN Press.
• Duffy, J. (1992). The impact of nurse caring on patient outcomes in Gaut, D., The Presence of Caring in Nursing. New York: NLN Press.
• Shortell, S., Zimmerman, J., Gillies, R., Duffy, J., Rousseau, D., and Knaus, W. (1992). Continuously improving patient care: Practical lessons and an assessment tool from the national ICU study. Quarterly Review Bulletin, 18(5): 150-155.

Dr. Duffy has participated in both funded and unfunded research, including:

• Impact of a comprehensive telehealth nursing intervention on selected clinical and service outcomes in heart failure patients receiving home healthcare
• Summative evaluation of baccalaureate students' nurse caring behaviors
• Student nurses' value about professional nursing
• Development and testing of the Caring Assessment Tool for Education
• Community Health Indicator Development
• Effect of practice changes on intubation time, patient satisfaction, pain and length of stay in coronary artery bypass patients
• Reduction of "door to needle time" in Acute Myocardial Infarction patients
• Development and testing of a comprehensive indicator set for the measurement of quality in cardiovascular patients
• Two and six months evaluations of functional status in coronary artery bypass patients
• Influence of a short stay unit on length of stay and patient satisfaction in patients experiencing chest pain
• Improvement in health knowledge and influence on career choice in high school students
• Influence of organizational and management factors on the performance of intensive care units
• Organizational and management variables associated with turnover among critical care nurses
• Caring behaviors of nurse managers: relationships to staff nurse satisfaction and retention
• Impact of nurse caring on patient outcomes
• Development and evaluation of the Caring Assessment Tool
• Psychometric properties of the Caring Assessment Tool - administrative version
• Predictors of hospital mortality in the critically ill: a multisite study.

Theory Development
Recently, Dr. Duffy has created the Quality-Caring Model© for use in practice and research (see publications). This model addresses caring relationships within the evidence-based practice paradigm.